A pre-purchase examination (PPE) is a comprehensive veterinary evaluation performed before buying a horse. Its purpose is not to “pass” or “fail” a horse, but to provide an objective assessment of the horse’s current health, soundness, and any existing medical conditions so the buyer can make an informed decision.

During a pre-purchase exam, the veterinarian reviews the horse’s overall physical condition, evaluates movement and soundness, performs flexion tests, and may recommend additional diagnostics such as radiographs (X-rays), ultrasound, bloodwork, or other imaging based on the horse’s intended use and any findings during the exam.

Every potential buyer should have a pre-purchase exam performed, because it helps identify existing issues that may affect the horse’s performance, longevity, or future veterinary expenses. It also establishes a baseline of the horse’s health at the time of sale, allowing buyers to better understand any risks before making a significant financial and emotional investment. While no examination can predict every future problem, a PPE is one of the most valuable tools for reducing uncertainty and ensuring the horse is a suitable match for the buyer’s goals.